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K-12 Information Literacy Scope & Sequence

 

    The following scope and sequence of Information Literacy Skills were assembled by the New Hope Solebury School District librarians after reviewing a variety of professional sources. These sources included the Pennsylvania Department of Education's Library Tool Kit for Implementing Information Literacy in Schools, The Pennsylvania Guidelines for School Library Programs 2005, the Big Six, and numerous websites based on other states K-12 Information Literacy Skills sets.

    Target bench marks for each skill are indicated with a "C" for competence. This does not mean that the skills will be mastered by all students at the grade level, but rather that most students will be able to consistently perform the listed skill by the end of the given grade level. In each case the "C" for competence was listed for the highest grade in a particular building (2,5,8,and 12) to reflect our building configurations and that the skill should be considered a benchmark for students leaving that building. ISTE (International Standards for Technology in Education) also uses the same building level configurations. Our district has already adopted a K-12 technology skill set based on ISTE and PDE standards.

    Central to the core of Information Literacy Skills utilization by students is the integration of these skills throughout the subject area curricula of each building. The 2005 Pennsylvania Guidelines for School Library Programs emphasize that "just as the information literacy skills cannot be taught in isolation from the classroom curriculum, neither can these skill become the sole responsibility of the librarian. It takes the entire educational community - the librarian, teachers, administrators, and parents - working together to have students attain the information literacy skills linked to established academic standards."
 

 
 Library Awareness Skills Lifelong Reading Skills Information Problem Solving

 

 
Skill Development Codes:    I = Introduction    D = Development    C = Competence    R = Review
A. Library Awareness Skills
A1 Concept of a Library  K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
  Understands the function of the library and how the librarian serves the school and the community I D D D D C R R R R R R R
  Understands how a library is organized  I D D D D C R R R R R R R
  Understands that library materials are in various formats I D D D D C R R R R R R R
A2 Demonstrates Social Responsibility                          
    Demonstrate Library Citizenship appropriate to grade level  (accountable for handling/care and safe return of library materials, appropriate behavior in the library, etc..) I D C R R R R R R R R R R
  Plagiarism             I D D D D D D D C R R R R
  Intellectual property rights         I D D D D D D D C R R R R
  Acceptable Use practices         I D C R R R R R R R R R R
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Skill Development Codes:    I = Introduction    D = Development    C = Competence    R = Review

B. Lifelong Reading Skills
B1 Reading for Comprehension and Enjoyment  K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
  Develops personal interests and forms lifetime recreational and informational reading habits I D D D D D D D D D D D C
  Demonstrates reading, listening, viewing and discussion skills  I D D D D D D D D D D D C
  Understands cultural diversity in literature    I D D D D D D D D D D C
  Understands the variety of literary forms and fiction genre including:                          
    Poetry, fairy tales, drama, biography, autobiography, mythology I D D D D D D D C R R R R
    Novels, short stories, non-fiction, adventure, fantasy, and science fiction I D D D D D D D C R R R R
  Understands the components of fiction including:                          
    Character, setting, plot, style, theme, and point of view I D D D D D D D C R R R R
  Understands components of non-fiction (table of contents, index, glossary, etc…)     I D D D D D C R R R R
  Understands the value of and guidance provided by literary awards and reviews including:                          
    Caldecott Awards for illustrators I D D D C C R R R R R R R
    Newbery Awards for authors     I D D C R R R R R R R
    Coretta Scott King Award for multicultural literature  I D D D D D D D C R R R R
    Other award winning novels including Michael Printz Award,              I D D D D D C
           National Book Award for Authors, and Pulitzer Prize for literary genres              I D D D D D C
    Book reviews, reading guides ( print and online)               I D D D D C
  Understands and appreciates the artistic components of a work I D D D D D D D D D D D C
  Demonstrates awareness of exemplary authors I D D D D D D D C R R R R
    Compares and contrasts the print and non-print versions of a piece of literature (audio, video, DVD,ebooks, etc) I D D D D D D D D D D D C
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Skill Development Codes:    I = Introduction    D = Development    C = Competence    R = Review

C. Information Problem Solving 
                         
C1 Task Definition K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1.1 Define the problem                           
  Understands the need for information  I D D D D D D D C R R R R
  Understands that information is the basis for intelligent decision making      I D D D D D C R R R R
  Selects a topic    I D D D C R R R R R R R
1.2 Identify the information needed                           
  Demonstrates an understanding of the assignment: due date, length, format    I D D D C R R R R R R R
  Is able to explain what information is needed    I D D D D D D C R R R R
  Formulates questions based on information needs   I D D D D D D C R R R R
  Judges the quantity of information needed     I D D D D D C R R R R
C2 Information Seeking Strategies                          
2.1 Brainstorm all possible sources                          
  Identifies a variety of potential sources of information  I D D D D D D D D D D D C
  Identifies the available sources    I D D D D D D D D D D C
2.2 Select the best source                           
  Understands the hierarchy of sources (general to specific)    I D D D D D D D D D D C
  Knows when to use primary and secondary sources               I D D D D C
  Knows when to use - Types of Print Materials                          
    Fiction versus non fiction I D C R R R R R R R R R R
    Magazines         I D D D C R R R R
    Newspapers        I D D D D C R R R R
    Reference Materials including                          
      Atlases        I D D D D C R R R R
      Almanacs          I D D D C R R R R
      Dictionaries      I D D D D D C R R R R
      Encyclopedias       I D D D D C R R R R
      Thesauri         I D D D C R R R R
  Uses criteria to choose sources                          
    Readability  I D D D D D D D C D C R R
    Authority              I D C D C R C
    Timeliness       I D D D D C R R R R
    Reliability (Relevance, comprehensiveness)           I D D D D C R C
Skill Development Codes:    I = Introduction    D = Development    C = Competence    R = Review
C. Information Problem Solving (Continued)
2.2 Select the best source (Continued) K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
  Knows when to use - Types of Electronic Resources                          
    Electronic and Online Catalog Systems    I D D D C R R R R R R R
    Full text data bases       I D D D D C R R R R
    Internet I D D D D C R R R R R R R
    Interlibrary Loan             I D C R R R R
  Knows when to use - Types of Community Resources                          
    Public library  I D D C R R R R R R R R R
    Academic libraries                     I D D
    Human resources        I D D D D D D D D C
    Museums/Historic sites     I D D D D D C R R R R
    Other (Community & public agencies, etc)              I D D D D D C
C3 Location & Access                          
3.1 Locate Sources                           
  Understands Arrangement of library materials I D D D D C R R R R R R R
  Understands Classification systems (ie...Dewey)     I D D D D D C R R R R
  Locates a variety of sources of information      I D D D D D D D D D C
3.2 Find information within sources                           
  Uses key words & topic headings   I D D D C R R R R R R R
  Locates & is able to use - parts of a book                          
    Cover / Book Jackets  I D C R R R R R R R R R R
    Spine / Spine Label / Barcode  I D C R R R R R R R R R R
    Title Page I D D D D C R R R R R R R
    Copyright      I D D C R R R R R R R
    Table of Contents    I D D D C D R R R R R R
    Introduction / Preface / Forward          I D D D D C R R R
    Guidewords / Key Words / Subject Headings      I D D D D D C R R R R
    Appendices               I D D D D D
    Glossary     I D D C R R R R R R R
    Bibliography / Works Cited        I D D D D C R R R R
    Index     I D D C R R R R R R R
  Locates & is able to use - types of print materials                          
  Books                          
    Fiction/Nonfiction I D D D D C R R R R R R R
Skill Development Codes:    I = Introduction    D = Development    C = Competence    R = Review
C. Information Problem Solving (Continued)
3.2 Find information within sources (Continued) K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
  Magazines             I D C R R R R
  Newspapers       I D D D D C R R R R
  Reference Materials           I D D C R R R R
    Atlases       I D D D D C R R R R
    Almanacs       I D D D D C R R R R
    Dictionary      I D D C R R R R R R R
    Encyclopedias        I D D D D C R R R R
    Thesauri          I D D D C R R R R
    Phone book       I D C R R R R R R R
  Locates & is able to use - electronic card catalog systems    i D D D D D D C R R R R
  Locates & is able to use - Types of electronic resources                          
    Full text data bases           I D D D D D D C
    Internet      I D D D D D C D D D C
    Interlibrary Loan              I D D D D D C
    Power Library         I D D D D D D D C
  Locates and is able to use Community Resources                          
    Public libraries I D D D D D D D C R R R R
    Academic libraries                    I D D D
    Museums/historic sites                    I D D D
    Humans resources          I D D D D D D D C
    Other (Community & public agencies, etc.)                   I D D C
C4  Information Use                          
4.1 Reads Purposely                           
  Skims        I D D D D C R R R R
   Scans         I D D D D C R R R R
4.2 Extract relevant information - data collection                           
  Underlines keywords and context clues      I D D C R R R R R R R
  Follows links and layers in electronic sources     I D D D D D C R R R R
  Reads & interprets information      I D D D D D C R R R R
  Gathers information from a variety of sources:                          
    Takes notes         I D D D D D D D C
    Uses graphic organizers     I D D D D D C R R R R
Skill Development Codes:    I = Introduction    D = Development    C = Competence    R = Review
C. Information Problem Solving (Continued)
  K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
4.2 Extract relevant information - data collection